Alloy.



I E D STAES earn GFFICE.

PAUL DEBAS, 0] SAVOIE, FRANCE, ASSIGNOB TC SOCIETE DES CARBUBES METAL- LIQUES, 0F PARIS, FRANCE.

ALLOY. 1

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known thatI, PAUL DEBAS, a cit-1- zen of the French Republic, and residing in Savoie, France, have invented a certain new and useful Alloy, of which the following is a specification.

For many years in the metallurgical industry powerful reducing agents such as ferro-silicon, silico-spiegel, ferro-aluminium and pure aluminium have been used for deoxidizing steel baths. The addition of these compounds has for its object to reduce the oxids dissolved in the metal bath, and to absorb the oxygen occluded. Aluminium is often used differently, 2'. c. it being thrown in at the moment of casting the metal, which enables castings, etc., to be obtained without blow-holes, as the gases occluded are absorbed and the metal becomes more fluid owing to the rise of temperature produced by the combustion of aluminium. The disadvantage of these processes is that they give a slag which is very difficult to melt, namely alumina which may he sometimes found inclosed in the metal, which reduces its strength. Pure silicon is never used owing to its high price, and moreover the product of the reaction if it were used, 5. e. silica, has, from the practical point of view, the same disadvantages as aluminium. As regards ferro-silicon and other alloys,'in order to be efficacious. they must have a high proportion of silicon, but such compounds are very expensive. If materials with lower proportions of silicon are used, their price is lower, but the quantity of iron being greater, their addition to the metal baths brings about a cooling which destroys to a large extent the thermic effect produced by the. combustion of the silicon.

The body fulfilling -the conditions required, would be therefore that which has the same properties as aluminium and silicon, is of reasonable price, and the products of oxidation of which give an easily fusible slag floating on the surface of the bath.-

That result is obtained by forming an alloy capable of giving after thereaction an easily fusible slag constituted by a certain silicate of alumina conforming to the formula 4t iO .Al O,. This alloy is obtained either Specification of Letters Patent.

' Application filed August 5,1910. Serial No. 575,737.

Patented Jan. 16, 1912.

by directly using pure metals, or by treating mixtures of oxids, or of pure ores, or of ores corrected by the addition of the-quantity of carbon required for the reduction of the oxids or acids contained therein, the said reduction being effected in an electric furnace. The proportions of metals, oxids or acids brought together and mixed with carbon, must be such that the product of reaction should have the following average com-- position: silicon 55, aluminium 28, iron 17.

It is obvious that these figures are not absolutely binding, and that it is possible to de-i viate therefrom a little. but is necessary to retain the advantages of the fluidity of the slag which constitutesone of the chief features of the new alloy.

If natural titaniferous ores areused for manufacturing thiscomponnd, the product obtained contains on the average 2.7% of metallic titanium. This substance which so readily absorbs carbon, is present in the said alloy in the metallic state. The liquid bath at the moment of the reaction gives, on being cooled, a metallic mass with a crystalline fracture, not containing anycarbureted aluminium. In addition to the qualities already mentioned, there is another one which is of equal importance. It is, in fact, easy to see, on examining the composition of the said alloy, that, being rich in 3rcducing substances it must generate in reaction a great quantity of heat.

Experience has proved that one kilogram of this alloy generates 6400 calories, while a kilogram of ferro-silicon containing 25% of silicon generates only 1957, and a kilogram of ferro-silicon with 58% of silicon gives 3914 calories and finally, a kilogram of ferro-silicon with of silicon gives .5872 calories. This alloy can, therefore, be

usefully employed in molten baths of metals or of alloys of metals for disengaging and purifying them. It can be also added to the metal bath to be refined withoutspecial precautions or may be thrown into the casting ladles.

llhat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent isz- 1. A farm-silicon alloy substantially free from free and combined carbon and contain 'ing approximately 55% of silicon, approizi-l In testimony whereof I have'signed my 10 mately 28% of aluminium, and appr0xi-- name to this specification in the presence of matelg 17% ofiron.

- tw'o subscribing witnesses. ferro-silicon alloy substantially free- -from free and combined carbon and containing approximately 53.53% of silicon, PAUL DEBAS' approximately 25.98% of aluminium, ap- Witnesses: proximately 17.18% of iron, and approxi- E. PERRET,

mately 2.7% of titanium. A. DIDIER. 

